As of December 8, 2025, at 15:16:21, the correct AP style for Bitcoin and Ethereum can be a point of confusion. Here’s a breakdown:
Table of contents
Bitcoin
According to AP style, “Bitcoin” as a concept is capitalized. However, when referring to the currency unit itself, “bitcoin” is lowercase.
Example:
- “Bitcoin is a digital currency.” (Concept ー Capitalized)
- “I have one bitcoin.” (Currency unit ⎻ Lowercase)
Ethereum and Ether
“Ethereum” is the name of the blockchain platform, and it should be capitalized. “Ether” (ETH) is the cryptocurrency used on the Ethereum network, and it should also be capitalized.
Example:
- “Ethereum is the second-largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization.”
- “Ether is trading higher today.”
Cryptocurrency in General
The general term “cryptocurrency” should be one word and lowercase.
Example:
- “The cryptocurrency market is volatile.”
Market Capitalization
Bitcoin and Ether are the two most relevant cryptocurrencies by market capitalization, representing a significant portion of the total cryptocurrency market cap.
Abbreviations
When using abbreviations for Bitcoin and Ether, follow common conventions:
- BTC: For Bitcoin (though using “bitcoin” is preferable in most contexts)
- ETH: For Ether
It’s generally best to spell out the full name on first reference, then use the abbreviation if space is tight or for repeated mentions.
Headlines and Captions
Headlines can use AP style capitalization, which typically means capitalizing the first word and all principal words. Captions should follow standard sentence capitalization.
Context Matters
As with any style guide, context is crucial. If you’re unsure, err on the side of clarity and consistency within your piece. Always consider your audience and aim for clear, understandable language.
Evolving Guidelines
It’s worth noting that AP style guidelines can evolve, especially in rapidly changing fields like cryptocurrency. Always refer to the latest AP Stylebook for the most up-to-date guidance.
Example Usage in a Paragraph
The price of bitcoin surged this week, driven by increased institutional investment. Ethereum also saw gains, fueled by excitement surrounding upcoming upgrades to the Ethereum network. Analysts are closely watching BTC and ETH as indicators of overall market health. Investing in cryptocurrency, including bitcoin and ether, carries significant risk.
Other Considerations
While the capitalization of “bitcoin” and “ether” seems straightforward, there are nuances to consider when writing about the broader ecosystem. For example, when discussing Bitcoin’s underlying technology, it’s often referred to as the “Bitcoin blockchain” or “Bitcoin network.” In these cases, “Bitcoin” functions more as an adjective, modifying the noun. The same principle applies to Ethereum, where you might refer to the “Ethereum Virtual Machine” or “Ethereum ecosystem.”
Clarity and Consistency
Above all, prioritize clarity and consistency in your writing. If you’re writing a longer piece, establish your usage of “bitcoin” and “ether” early on and maintain that style throughout. This helps avoid confusion for your readers.
Regional Variations
While AP style is widely used in the United States, other style guides may have different recommendations. For example, some publications might consistently capitalize “Bitcoin” and “Ether” regardless of whether they’re referring to the concept or the currency unit. Be aware of the style guide used by your publication or organization and adhere to its specific guidelines.
Beyond Bitcoin and Ethereum
The same principles can be applied to other cryptocurrencies. Generally, the name of the cryptocurrency is capitalized (e.g., “Litecoin,” “Ripple,” “Cardano”). If the cryptocurrency has a specific unit name (similar to “bitcoin” for Bitcoin), that unit name may be lowercase, but this is less consistently followed than with bitcoin. It’s advisable to check reputable sources for guidance on specific cryptocurrencies.
Future Trends
The cryptocurrency landscape is constantly evolving, and with it, language and style conventions may change. Stay informed about industry trends and be prepared to adapt your writing style accordingly. Consulting reputable sources, such as industry publications and style guides, will help you stay current on best practices.
Quick Recap
- Bitcoin (Concept): Capitalized
- bitcoin (Currency unit): Lowercase
- Ethereum (Platform): Capitalized
- Ether (Cryptocurrency): Capitalized
- Cryptocurrency (General): Lowercase
By following these guidelines, you can ensure that your writing about Bitcoin and Ethereum is accurate, consistent, and adheres to AP style conventions, promoting clear communication within the rapidly evolving world of digital currencies.
